What Can Autism Look Like and Things You Can Do To Spot It - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 703 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/02/14 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Autism Essay Did you like this example? While reading this paper, I believe the author’s purpose is to show people what can autism look like and things you can do to spot it. The author wants to make people aware and how they can test to see if their child has autism. Because many parents wait until its too late to find out and that means their child has to catch up to better their development. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Can Autism Look Like and Things You Can Do To Spot It" essay for you Create order With these studies the author wants to show how we can test for autism at a young age. The author does this by comparing kids with autism and kids without. The questions that you need to know is what is being done to help diagnosed kids with autism sooner. The information you need to answer this question is looking at your child’s social and emotional development. Also looking at their language development. Once you take the time to look at that, then you can see if your child is delayed in any way. Some people say there is no way to tell and that they are just still learning. The problem with that is that some kids have autism and need help earlier than others. I know once they get this help it will not fix them but it can at lease help then grow developmentally. They are wondering if looking at this thing can really help their child. Answer is yes. Also people are assuming that once they get older everything should be fine. Which wrong they need to get ahead of this right away. The main point of view is from the researchers. They are trying to see the difference can be with kids who are developing normal and kids who are slower with their development. While reading this article I realized that they signs for autism need to be show more. That if parents knew the signs then they could get their child help faster. The consequences can lead to your child being less developed then other children. This research can also help kids from all over. Since they are doing research with kids at an early age then people will be able to tell what is going on with their child.The purpose of this article is to tell people about autism spectrum disorder. The author is showing the people statics on how many people have ASD in our world. They also give signs to tell if your child have autism. What signs or behavior are common with autism? Once foun d how can I help? These questions are critical because then we can help identify kids when autism is in it is in the early stages. Then we can learn to get help faster. We can also do research on the topic and see where we should send are children for the best development help. We really need to understand what children are going through and how to help them. Ways we can tell is how do they act and if they have a developmentally delays. Than if we look at the different stages with cognitive development. Then we can see where the child is and where they should be. People just assume that since there kids are so young that’s the reason why they are not fully developed yet. Which could be true but most of the time its because they have some sort of disability. When I read about this topic I am thinking every parents knows this stuff. But in reality parents actually have no clue what signs to look for, let alone what autism. The point of view comes from people who are concerned for kids with autism. Since people know so little of this topic and how there brain develops different from a normal developing brain. I also think the peoples view who are not included are parent who know all of this stuff. Since they already know what to do and have already done something about it. I enjoyed reading this because it gives you some many facts ab out autism that I didnt even know. So if you read this article it can help you understand. I honestly do not see any problems with finding out more information on this topic.

Ecotourism in South American Countries Essay - 3767 Words

Ecotourism in South American Countries Synopsis: We are living in a world that tends to put developed nations against indigenous peoples. Foreign developers seeking cheap labor and natural resources on untouched lands are exploiting cultures that have survived for centuries on their own. South America is a continent that possesses rich indigenous culture that is still relatively untouched by outsiders. Americans have the ability to preserve that heritage through organized efforts to encourage certain types of visitors to indigenous areas to create an economy that will take the place of potential mining, logging, and ranching enterprises. That economy is ecotourism. The following paper displays some of the pros and cons of†¦show more content†¦To act as a means of improving the status of these poor countries, the idea of Ecotourism was developed. Though the idea of Ecotourism was one with good intentions, the local people in the countries where Ecotourism has been in effect are not gaining much at all. History of Ecotourism: The idea that led to Ecotourism emerged in the late sixties when people like Oswaldo Muà ±oz, now president of the Ecuadorian Ecotourism Association, started guiding tourists around their countries to view natural wonders. Many companies began to set up lodging near parks and reserves and even began to develop tours of those areas. The vision of showing off exotic plants, animals and the overall natural beauty of countries like Ecuador also attracted them. Yet early on, this did little to help the local economies. It actually contributed to other problems: In Ecuador, half of the countrys rain forest disappeared, and environmental groups and other organizations promoting ecotourism flocked to places where endangered species, including many indigenous populations, lived. 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This is retarded Essay Example For Students

This is retarded Essay James Fenimore Cooper: Frontier LegendJames Fenimore Copper: Frontier LegendA)Born on September 15, 1789 in Burlington, New JerseyB)Was the twelfth of thirteen children. Moved to CooperstownC)Attended Yale at age thirteen, but was expelledD)Parents were William and Elizabeth Cooper. Very comic attitude toward the worldE)Joined the Navy and became and expert in naval warfareF)William Cullen Bryant and Washington Irving influenced his writingsA)U.S. Navy made him and expert in naval warfareB)Father was killed by political opponentC)Wife thought he could not be a writer so Cooper set out to prove he couldD)Personal experiences helped him write about IndiansE)First work was unsuccessful, but the others came together and became very successfulF)Portray the success of frontier settlement2)Revealed conflicts between individuals and societyB)Was unpopular in the world after his democracy criticismD)Thought of as first famous American novelistBibliography:

No Men Are Foreign free essay sample

No men are foreign tell us that we should not consider anyone as foreign or strange. Humanity is the same all over the world and in harming anyone we are harming ourselves. This poem emphasizes the fact that men might belong to different races, nations, but are basically bound by a common bond i. e. they all feel pain when hurt and shed tears on the loss of someone close and wars should not break this common bondage. In destroying another country we are destroying our own Earth. The poem tells us to look upon humanity as unified entity. [pic] The poem is obviously a strong plea for universal brotherhood. It underlines the fact that the people of different countries have same physical, mental amp; emotional experiences. Their fate is the same. They are in no way different even though they wear different clothes amp; speak different languages. Nobody should be viewed as stranger amp; no country foreign. We will write a custom essay sample on No Men Are Foreign or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The poet emphasizes the futility of hating those who belong to other countries. When we wage war against others, we only defile our own earth. The dust amp; smoke caused by war weapons pollute the very air we all breathe. The poet calls upon the people to liberate the world from man-made barriers and parochialism (narrow outlook). There is much in common between different races of the world. [pic] This poem is written to foster feelings of fraternity, brotherhood and to emphasise that people of different nations are alike in every manner-fate, times of sorrows and happiness etc. Therefore James Kirkup has written this poem to say that we are the children of the God and should we desecrate our Earth by waging wars, by fighting we are condemning ourselves.Poet: James Kirkup The Theme The poem â€Å"No Men Are Foreign†, a poem by James Kirkup states that no man is foreign or strange and we should not regard anyone as foreign or strange. The poem revolves around the idea that all men are equal. Though they are separated by boundaries there is no difference between men of different nations. The difference is only within a man’s heart. It is a universal appeal for brotherhood. The differences among them pertain merely to colour, dress and food habits which are not of much significance. Humanity all over the world is alike. If man is destroying another nation, he is actually destroying himself and the entire humanity. The people of different countries may differ in complexion and clothing but their mental, physical and emotional experiences are the same. The poet makes an effort to wipe away the hatred among people of the world and highlights the futility of war and weapons that only add pollution to â€Å"innocence. † The Summary   The poem begins with the speaker asking his audience to remember that no human being should be treated as foreigner or stranger because all human beings are essentially the same. Even those who wear different dresses are in no way different from us because though the clothes are different the bodies are the same. All human beings are â€Å"brothers† as they breathe the same air and live on the same land. In life and death people of all countries share the same sun, the same water and the same air. Peace brings prosperity to all men and war brings adversity. The lines on the hands of all people show that they are all destined to work hard and labor for earning the living. In waking and in sleeping all men are same. God has bestowed the same strength to all men and it is only the human quality of love that can subdue the most powerful of all forces. The poet’s message is that we should not hate our fellow human beings. We have no right to look down on anybody or discriminate against anybody on any grounds. The poet makes a strong plea against the evil of war. By taking up arms men desecrate the holy earth, polluting it with not only dust and smoke but also hatred, men must learn to develop the feeling of universal brotherhood. Men must learn that no man is a stranger and no country foreign. No men are foreign ells us that we should not consider anyone as foreign or strange. Humanity is the same all over the world and in harming anyone we are harming ourselves. In destroying another country we are destroying our own Earth. The poem tells us to look upon humanity as unified entity. The poem is obviously a strong plea for universal brotherhood. It underlines the fact that the people of diff erent countries have same physical, mental amp; emotional experiences. Their fate is the same. They are in no way different even though they wear different clothes amp; speak different languages.

Free Essays on Juvenile Justice Reform

Juvenile justice reform is a big issue in today’s juvenile justice department. The fact that more and more juveniles are getting into more serious crimes today has become a problem. The key factor is what is the government and society going to do about the problem that must be taken care of? In this paper the fact of the matter is what is the cause of this problem and what methods are being taking to end it. Certification is a method of trying to stop delinquency. But is it right to send children who are fourteen years old to prison? Where and when does violent behavior begin? It will be discussed in this paper on what signs to look for in a delinquent. Mary Craft, Judge of the 314th District Court in Houston says, â€Å"The juvenile justice system in Texas actually is progressive, compared to those in other states.†(Houston Chronicle Magazine 2) In Texas children as young as fourteen can be certified. In some states there is no age limits, and children of any age can be certified. Craft says that she would actually prefer other forms of punishment rather than certification in many cases. Craft states that, â€Å" No question; I see it every day,† Craft says. â€Å" The reality is this: There are more Anglo families that are middle class and have middle-class values and supervise their kids at home than there are in the minority community.† She says that judges are not penalizing people because they are minorities. Crafts says that she is very sensitive to the issue. High-crime neighborhoods are characterized by high rates of families abandoned by fathers. â€Å"The type of aggression and hostility demonstrated by a future criminal often is foreshadowed in unusual aggressiveness as early as age five or six.† (Congressional Digest p.201 1) Behavior that is demonstrated at an early age is beginning abusiveness to siblings and animals. Not getting alone with other children could be a good example of behavior that co... Free Essays on Juvenile Justice Reform Free Essays on Juvenile Justice Reform Juvenile justice reform is a big issue in today’s juvenile justice department. The fact that more and more juveniles are getting into more serious crimes today has become a problem. The key factor is what is the government and society going to do about the problem that must be taken care of? In this paper the fact of the matter is what is the cause of this problem and what methods are being taking to end it. Certification is a method of trying to stop delinquency. But is it right to send children who are fourteen years old to prison? Where and when does violent behavior begin? It will be discussed in this paper on what signs to look for in a delinquent. Mary Craft, Judge of the 314th District Court in Houston says, â€Å"The juvenile justice system in Texas actually is progressive, compared to those in other states.†(Houston Chronicle Magazine 2) In Texas children as young as fourteen can be certified. In some states there is no age limits, and children of any age can be certified. Craft says that she would actually prefer other forms of punishment rather than certification in many cases. Craft states that, â€Å" No question; I see it every day,† Craft says. â€Å" The reality is this: There are more Anglo families that are middle class and have middle-class values and supervise their kids at home than there are in the minority community.† She says that judges are not penalizing people because they are minorities. Crafts says that she is very sensitive to the issue. High-crime neighborhoods are characterized by high rates of families abandoned by fathers. â€Å"The type of aggression and hostility demonstrated by a future criminal often is foreshadowed in unusual aggressiveness as early as age five or six.† (Congressional Digest p.201 1) Behavior that is demonstrated at an early age is beginning abusiveness to siblings and animals. Not getting alone with other children could be a good example of behavior that co...

Snapdeals Journey from Deal-a-Day Site to India Essays

Snapdeals Journey from Deal-a-Day Site to India Essays Snapdeals Journey from Deal-a-Day Site to India Essay Snapdeals Journey from Deal-a-Day Site to India Essay Snapdeal’s Journey from Deal-a-day Site to India’s Largest Online Marketplace E-commerce, in the popular sense, can be defined as: the use of the Internet and the Web to conduct business transactions. A more technical definition would be: e-commerce involves digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals. Ecommerce differs from e-business in that no commercial transaction, an exchange of value across organizational or individual boundaries, takes place in e-business. E-business is the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm and therefore does not include any exchange in value. E-commerce and e-business intersect at the business firm boundary at the point where internal business systems link up with suppliers. For instance, e-business turns into e-commerce when an exchange of value occurs across firm boundaries. Introduction Snapdeal is an ecommerce company headquartered in New Delhi, India. This online retail firm was founded by Karun Bahl, a Wharton graduate and Rohit Bansal, alumnus of IIT Delhi, in February 2010. Their website Snapdeal. om features a wide range of products and services from thousands of national, international and regional brands with a wide assortment of products across categories like mobiles, electronics, fashion accessories, apparel and footwear, kids, home and kitchen, sports, books, restaurants, entertainment and spas amongst others. Snapdeal has become a shopping destination for millions of online users across the country. Snapdeal enables small and medium sized retailers to cost effectively acquire hundreds of customers by offering discount deals at their establishments through its online e-commerce platform. This leads to cost savings on the marketing side and leads to more brand awareness. History Snapdeal was started in February 2010 by Karun Bahl, a Wharton graduate and Rohit Bansal, alumnus of IIT Delhi. Snapdeal. com started as a daily deal platform. It was essentially a Group buying or crowd bargaining site which offered deals and discounts on restaurants, spas, car wash, etc. Snapdeal charged a marketing fee from the retailer for every deal sold on the portal. Bargain Website Model The services are usually for registered customers, who are informed of the deals through emails and text messages every day. The system works like this. A local store, a fashion chain or a restaurant approaches the bargain website with its best deals, and the bargain website in turn offers or sometimes auctions them to its members for a nominal amount to be paid upfront through a debit or a credit card. Customers get their coupons either through email or in the form of a text message or both. The retailers pay a stipulated amount - or a commission - for every redeemed coupon to the website. Group buying sites benefit from a relatively simple minimum number of buyers. The limited time period creates a sense of urgency, prompting impulse purchases. All interested buyers must provide their credit card information, but are only charged if the deal goes live. Little money is locked up in working capital because the group buying website either bills the entire amount of the purchase upfront and retains a commission before passing the rest of the payment onto the merchant, or charges a token amount and directs the user to pay the rest at the merchants site. If the deal does not materialize, the group buying site isnt stuck with any back inventory because the discounted service or item is sourced at the participating business. Buyers receive vouchers for their purchases via e-mail or text message and they have anywhere from one to three months to redeem the offer. Snapdeal’s idea was to give consumers a better price through deals if they purchase in greater numbers; and that was the basic premise of group buying websites that had emerged in India and in other parts of the world. According to Bahl, Jasper-owned group buying sites in general accumulated 350,000 registered users in just over six months of operations. This was proved right when Googles DoubleClick advertising arm posted the number of unique visitors for Indian group buying siteSnapDeal as 290,000 for the end of August 2010. IT for Differentiation In an effort to drastically improve the customer experience of its 4 lakhs subscriber base Snapdeal launched a revamped website which was far superior in terms of technology and performance. The new website, which was built on the latest technologies like Servlet 3. 0, had enhanced security and was highly scalable. The website load time is less than 2 sec. While being extremely advanced technologically, the website continued to be a user friendly interface, which helped it break the clutter among the otherwise similar looking group buying websites. This helped Snapdeal in becoming the largest group buying website with 65% transactional market by September, 2010, reaching a remarkable milestone of selling one coupon every minute on their website. The seven-month-old ventures revenues were increasing at 150 per cent month-on-month. Offering discounts of up to 95 per cent, SnapDeal. com used to its advantage the huge pile of distress inventory accumulated by retailers. It featured more than 2,000 retailers such as Ferns amp; Petals, Indiahikes, Fitness Studio, Bikanervala, Future Bazaar and XtremeSports Bar. The company received2,000 vouchers from one merchant in a day sometimes and was able to offer one new deal a day from each of the 30 cities it has a presence in. Each deal stayed on the site for not more than three days. According to Mr. Bahl, retailers of these services suffered from distress perishable inventory of as high as 80 per cent, and it worked for them to give heavy discounts to be able to offload the inventory within the expiry period. By the end of November 2010, the e-commerce phenomenon in India had a new Poster boy from obscurity 9 months back to becoming one of Indias most visited site Snapdeal. com had come a long way in a short span. By December 2010, Snapdeal was offering deals in four areas including dining, personal care, entertainment and travel. There was a tremendous response from various merchants as well. 90% of the service providers who had been featured on Snapdeal. com wanted to use the service again to attract customers. For the local retail services, it acted as a powerful performance based marketing channel to acquire new customers, while reaching out to a large base of prospective customers, without spending anything upfront on branding or advertising. And this channel was not restricted to small businesses alone. For instance, Carnation, which is Mr. Jagdish Khattars one-stop-shop retailer for cars, acquired 5000+ customers through SnapDeal in a span of 3 days. Many other merchants have had similar experiences. The e-commerce platform had worked wonders not only for Snapdeal, but also for many of its clients who were able to attract a huge set of new customers. In less than one year, it reached a subscriber base of 1 million attracting a $12 million investment round, led by Nexus Venture Partners and Indo-US Venture Partners. And the subsequent round of funding a few months later helped it raise another $ 40 million. Mobile commerce also proved to be an asset for Snapdeal. Another reason for the site’s rapid growth in 2011 came from its recently launched products deals business, in which Snapdeal sold branded lifestyle products, like fashion accessories, electronics, apparel, etc. at significant discounts. The products business was doubling each month and within three months accounted for 15 percent of Snapdeal’s total business. Its big idea was to move into products by taking its existing experience in local deals and combining it with a wide array of personalized product deals, especially in lifestyle e-commerce. This was the first step for Snapdeal towards the transformation to an online marketplace. In 2012, Snapdeal announced its foray into the ‘brand stores’ concept in which the company aimed to be an enabler for the thousands of local retailers who couldn’t reach out to the growing masses buying online. Each store had a login and a password for managing the assortment. Brands were able to decide the look and feel of their page, customize product selection, and manage promotions and exclusive launches. The Snapdeal platform was akin to multiple single-brand stores, many of these international. Regulatory issues would not apply to Snapdeal, as it was a marketing platform like eBay, and transactions carried out here were between merchants and customers; hence, following a ‘Zero Inventory’ model. The company also broadened its 200-category strong product portfolio - from one with mobile phones and laptops to one that offers fashion apparel as well. Now, it had moved from being India’s largest group buying website to being a competitor of the Indian online retail major Flipkart. What is an Online Marketplace? Market: An interaction mechanism where the participants establish deals (trades) to exchange goods and services for monetary payments (i. e. quantities of standard currency). Marketplace: In fundamental terms, a marketplace is nothing but a group of markets. Technically, a marketplace is the space (actual, virtual or metaphorical) in which a market operates. Online marketplace (or online ecommerce marketplace) is an ecommerce website. The product and is provided by the third parties, and the transactions are processes by the marketplace operator. Online marketplaces are the primary type of multichannel ecommerce. The transactions are delivered and fulfilled by the participating retailers or wholesalers. An online marketplace offers products from a wide array of providers. Hence, the selection is usually wider, availability is higher, and prices are more competitive (compared to vendor-specific online retail stores). SnapDeal’s Marketing Strategy In the beginning, the only form of marketing for Snapdeal was through social media, mainly Facebook, Twitter and various blogs. By the end of 2010, using radio, TV and even sponsorships, Snapdeal had managed to warm the hearts of an otherwise hard-to-sell internet-wary society. Snapdeal plans to drive marketing through ‘Analytics’ in order to move from mass media campaigns and focus more on data driven marketing techniques that ensure every rupee of marketing spend is measured. This helps them to analyze the buying behavior of the consumer and pitch a product to the target consumer accordingly. Latest Developments at Snapdeal Traffic Rankings According to Alexa the web traffic analytics company Snapdeal is 37th most popular website in India and 557th in the world as on July 2013. Most of the users are male aged between 18 to 26 years. Company is eying sales growth of over 2000 crore in 2013-2104. Snapdeal Vs Flipkart Snapdeal from the start of 2013 is catching up with India’s most popular ecommerce website Flipkart. Page views per user the metric which tells user engagement with the website is around 5. 5 for Snapdeal (increase of 1. 5 pageview per user from 2012) if we take last 6 months average, same is around 8 for Flipkart. Average time spent per user on website has also increased from 5mins to little over 6 mins which is a positive sign. There is good amount of competition between Flipkart and Snapdeal and users usually visit both of these website before making a decision to buy. Logistics They also have a shipping platform called Safeship, which has integrated large number of local and national courier companies so that there is no burden on the sellers to find a courier service. Sellers can track and manage movement of product by themselves. SnapDeal provides Cash on Delivery and EMI options which has got lot of favour from Indians as lot of them don’t have credit/debit cards, and those who have are sceptical of using them online. With the advent of interest free EMI option lot of Indians who don’t have immediate cash can use this option to pay principal and the interest in easy instalments. Snapdeal on Mobile Snapdeal has launched its mobile app both on GooglePlay for free. Through this app user can easily see mobile version of website as an app on their smartphones, improved search lets you narrow down search using sort and refine. Snapdeal hopes to increase its customer base as more and more people are using tablets and smartphones now days. App can identify user location and give customized deals for user of that city. Snapdeal User Reviews for Products Buyers can now review products by adding comments and stars against the items they purchase. Pros, Cons, and average rating lets the prospective buyers decide on various parameters before the make the purchase. Comments also engage buyers as they feel the part of the system and Indians are always good at reviewing. Social Media Integration Users can now share the products they like or buy on their favourite social networks like Facebook, Google Plus, and Twitter. These external links provide fresh web traffic to Snapdeal. TrustPay TrustPay protects customers with a 100% moneyback guarantee if there is any issue with product quality, size or delivery. Trustpay payment system can be used by other online retailers to connect to global payment systems of Visa/Mastercard. Snapdeal has filed for intellectual property protection for Trust pay because of the potential it has. Zero Inventory model Company does not hold inventory which has become important for any company operating in India as India has large supply side, which gives Snapdeal opportunity to collaborate with this unorganized and large supply side without making investments in Inventory. Also for large inventory one needs to hire thousands of people. Large logistics area, and high operating costs are incurred. Marketplace model also benefits when a seller wants to sell his unsold items quickly, which otherwise on retail malls can take considerable time. Most Lovable City: Online Campaign Snapdeal initiated mylovecapital campaign where people voted for their most loved city on the eve of Valentine’s Day of 2013. Voting for the event began on February 4 and the website recorded votes from people across the country. Delhi emerged winner with 53,174 votes followed by Mumbai with 49,010 votes and Srinagar with 29,047 votes from all over India on its website mylovecapital. com. It was an endeavour to bring back positivity and love for ur country, cities and its people. To publicize the event various videos were also uploaded on youtube. Anshuman, actor and singer campaigned for Chandigarh and Delhi, while stars such as Saniamirza campaigned for Hyderabad. Some major achievements for SnapDeal. com Snapdeal Buys Sports amp; Fitness Equipment E-com Startup eSportsBuy E-commerce firm Jasper I nfotech Pvt Ltd, which runs the daily deals and now horizontal e-com site Snapdeal. com, has acquired  eSportsBuy. com, an online retailer of sports and fitness equipment and accessories. eSportsBuy was started in 2011 by IIT Delhi alumni  Prateek Agarwal  and  Amit Monga. Snapdeal already stocks some sports equipment but these are not showcased as a separate category (we found badminton racquets featured in the ‘Kids amp; Toys’ category). So eSportsBuy would certainly help boost Snapdeal’s vendor relations for those products and also help expand the product catalogue in that segment. For eSportsBuy, it would mean a bigger platform to be associated with and that can help it bargain harder with vendors, at least as long as it maintains the site independently. It could also draw synergies in operations, especially at the backend. For Snapdeal, this is the second acquisition to build out its business. In 2010, it had acquired group buying site  Grabbon  and that site now redirects to Snapdeal. com. Snapdeal also has the means to take the inorganic route to expand quickly. Last year, it had risen over $50 million in two rounds of funding – from  Bessemer Venture Partners and Nexus Venture Partners  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ as well as from the existing investor Indo-US Venture Partners. Indias Top 10 Buzziest brands In February 2012, Snapdeal. com was ranked 7th in India in the Afaqs annual poll for buzz making brands, that the consumers found exciting enough to talk about. Online shopping site Snapdeal to increase headcount Snapdeal increased its headcount by adding 500 people by the next six months starting from March 2012. Snapdeal earmarks $20 mn for acquisitions Snapdeal. com has earmarked $20 million (around Rs. 100 crore) to make up to four acquisitions by 2012. Snapdeal set to enter music, movies and books segment In June 2012, E-commerce company Snapdeal. com ventured into music, movies and books segment one of the most lucrative segments for online retailing. Way Ahead Taking note of the way SnapDeal. com is expanding its reach and winning hearts, the future definitely looks very bright for the brand. Apart from geographic expansion, Snapdeal. om has forayed into new categories which have shown excellent traction in the brief period since launch. The two new categories introduced were – products and travel. The product categories include very attractive deals, typically 50 per cent off on products such as mobile phones, electronic gadgets branded fashion products, sunglasses wallets, an d among others. In the case of travel, SnapDeal. com features the best leisure and business travel destinations across India at national best prices. Competition for the brand though on face seems to be growing with the emergence and existence of other websites like ebay, tradus etc.

Condiment snack holder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Condiment snack holder - Essay Example A tab connected with the cup is attached to the sidewall of the food container. There is preferably a slit in the sidewall of the food server, and in the preferred embodiment there are preferably two slits in the sidewall, through which the tab on the condiment holder extends. In the preferred embodiment the condiment holder comprises a frame having an opening for receiving the cup, and the tab extends obliquely from the frame so that the cup is supported in a generally horizontal orientation. The holder is preferably made from a generally teardrop shaped blank, having a bulbous section with an opening therein forming the frame, and a tapering section forming the tab. The sections are separated by a score line along which the blank can be folded so that the tab extends obliquely from the frame section. The present invention provides in combination, a food container and a condiment container. The food container includes a front panel, a back panel attached to the front panel by at least one side panel and a bottom panel for defining an enclosure there between. A cut-out portion is provided in the at least one side panel and is attached to the front panel and to the back panel and extends into the enclosure. The condiment container includes a top end, a bottom end, and side walls sized for placement against a side panel of the food container. A clip structure is positioned at the top end for attaching and suspending the condiment container to the at least one side panel of the food container. The cut-out portion is sized and positioned for securing the condiment container near the bottom end in co-action with the clip structure. Inventors: Szczerbinski, Jeff P.; Application Number: 928111 Filing Date: 2001-08-10 Publication Date: 2002-05-14 International Classes: B65D 021/02 Field of Search: 229/400,902,904,906 220/23.4,23.83,482 206/541 Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONField of the Invention: The present invention relates generally to food and condiment containers. More specifically, the present invention is primarily intended as a combination of a stackable and nest able paperboard container with a cut-out portion and a clip-on condiment container sized for insertion through the cut-out portion in co-action with the clip-on attachment to the paperboard container. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a food and condiment container combination. According to the present invention a combination is provided and comprises a food container, a condiment container, and a clip structure. The food container includes a front panel, a back panel attached to the f

A Force-Field of Sex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Force-Field of Sex - Essay Example This has a great impact on Sanders perspective of looking at women. His roommate in college is also another significant influence on Sanders perception towards women. He is the person who enlightens Sanders to a totally different view on women, which he felt uncomfortable with (Jeff Greenberg, Thomas. A & Sander Leon Koole 4). Sanders is convinced that men, both of different classes and backgrounds determine how women are looked in the society. For instance, the construction men have mannish conversion as they work on their bulky tools all day long. This affect how men and women interact with the atmosphere changes when a woman passes by. During his adolescence, a roommate of his used to pin up the playmate every month from his subscription of the Playboy magazine. Sander s kept on wondering why how he was staring at the women in those posters, studying their curves, craves and perfection. He did not like the way he saw the women on the poster as objects and not as fellow human being s. His interaction with friends involved talking about the body parts of porn stars as men do even in modern days. They talked about these women in similar language to that of farmers assessing livestock. This is a degradation of women (Jeff Greenberg, Thomas. ... Â  Sanders’ efforts to see women for their worth and not as objects becomes a tough task due to media’s focus on women sexuality. This has a great impact on human interactions since men put effort to fit in society by looking at women in a similar way like most men do (Jeff Greenberg, Thomas. A & Sander Leon Koole 40). According to Sanders, the images that are, the pinups reduce the humanity of women since he saw the posters as objects, staring at them in order to view the curves and perfection in them. Since time in history, and the time of renaissance, women were portrayed nude in art. Curves were used are still in use today as a way of looking at women. The Playboy magazine is an example of nude magazines in which women are depicted in art in the nude. These magazines are still looked at by men as form of enjoyment thus, making them an art. Thus, contribute to reducing women humanity by looking at them like objects. Sanders’ friends talk of women in the pinup s in a language that is dehumanizing since it is similar to that used by farmers in assessing livestock. The dignity of women is reduced to simple objects of desire as Sanders finds himself staring at the pinups looking at women like objects. Humanity of women is reduced to a great deal by these images since it is the women who pose for f photographs and pinups that Sanders come across. It is questionable why women consider posing for nude photos in the first place. Hence, plays a role in reducing their humanity (Jeff Greenberg, Thomas. A & Sander Leon Koole 77).

Inequalities of Race and Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Inequalities of Race and Ethnicity Essay With more than six billion people in this world, with a huge variety of human shapes, colors and sizes can race really be defined? As people spread across the world. Mixing among each other creating new kinds of faces there is no true race. But people such as Hitler believed that the Aryans where the superior race responsible got the cultural achievements in Europe and that they has to stop racial contamination that would come from breeding with inferior races by destroying them. Which caused the slaughtering of those deemed inferior: Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, slaves, and people with disabilities. It didnt stop here, youd think the world would try to make a difference but as Hitler era was fading, the ethnic cleansing by Serbs in Bosnia, the mass killings of Tutsis in Rwanda in 1994 were and are stilling taking place years after Hitler. What these people failed to see is that there is no pure race. People show such a mixture of physical characteristics ? in skin color, hair textures, body shapes, eye color, height, weight and so on that there can not be a pure race. Our characteristics follow endlessly together, the mapping of genome system shows that were strikingly homogenous. Although large groups of people can be classified by blood type and gene frequencies they still cannot be classified as a race. The idea of a race in far from a myth, its embedded in our culture, it is part of our everyday lives. Sociologist D. S. Thomas observed that if people define situations as real, theyre real in their consequences in other words, people define situations as real, theyre real in their consequences in other words, people act on beliefs, not facts. As a result to that we will always have people like Hitler who feel that killing people that they believe is inferior is perfectly fine.Incidents such as the above still happen in todays world but they are hidden from the public eye, what isnt hidden and does continue toady seems as if no one is trying to make a difference is prejudice and discrimination, a war that will never stop. Prejudice can be defined as a prejudging of some sort, discrimination on the other hand can be defined as an action, and unfair treatment directed against someone on basis of their age, sex, height, origin, marital status, education, income, religion, etc, but when its due to race we usually call it racism. Why are people prejudices? The common sense answer is that people may have had a negative experience with a member of the other group. But Psychologists such as Eugene Hartley (1946) made studies showing that its more than just an old incident, his studies showed that prejudice against all other groups as well. Social scientists have developed several theories to explain prejudice; there are two types of theories, Scapegoat, and the Authoritarian Personality. People who are unable to release there stress to the source usually tend to release it on other people and they tend to find someone to blame their mishaps on and this usually becomes their scapegoat, often a racial, ethnic, or religious minority that they unfairly blame for their troubles. The other theory is The Authoritarian Personality Theodor Adornos term for people who are prejudice and rank high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissive to superiors. Sociologists find these theories to be inadequate, they stress that the key to find prejudice is from the outside not form within. Sociologists focus on how some environments foster prejudice, while other discourages it. Sociologists have a few theories; Hitler used Functionalism, he hired Fritz Hippler, a Nazi intellectual was put in charge of the entire German film industry and he was told to create anti-Semitist, and he did by producing movies that compared Jews to rates, that their breeding would contaminate their pure breed. You can see that prejudice is functional and it creates in-group solidarity, and destroys human relationships. Conflict Theory- a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups competing for scarce resource. Symbolic interactionism examines how peoples labels affect perception and create prejudice. When we apply a label to a group we tend to see its members as all alike, this leads to stereotyping and discrimination and may even create a depicted behavior. Symbolic interaction shows that were not born to a race, and ethic group where we lean beliefs, values; we learn to perceive them negatively or positively. If discrimination is common in our groups, we learn to practice it commonly. Discrimination is like a learned skill if you practice it enough you wont even realize you using it. William Julius Wilson, a sociologist, argues that social class has become important that race is determine the life chances of African Americans. Prior to the Civil War African Americans were excluded from everything that could help you advance in life and become wealthy. As African Americans moved out of the inner cities, as legislators began opening doors for African Americans, as a result they were able to get better paying jobs, live a middle-class life, but those who were left behind in the inner cities they were trapped in poverty. I believe that people choose their way of life, yes it is true that things may be harder for an African American or a Latino person, but things are hard for everyone in their own individual ways. I do believe that in todays world things arent based on race in some places yes but as from what I see I believe its based on your social class, who you are, who you know, where you work, and how much money you have, thats what I believe matters in todays society. Although sociologists like Charles Willie, states that even African Americans do the same work as whites, whites average higher pay than African American, he argues that it racial discrimination not social discrimination. He states that we need to provide more jobs for the people in the inner cities; with more jobs theres more hope in inner cities and an anchor to a responsible life. But being richer for an African American is still a problem because certain people start assuming things for example an African American person driving a new car a cop tends to find reason to pull them over, just to make sure the car isnt stolen. Both sociologists have a strong point of view, but I also do have my own view in prejudice and discrimination. In todays society minority groups have a better chance to achieve their goals, for example everyone can attend the same college, travel the country, eat in the same place and even be best friends with someone of a different ethnicity, while this is taken for granted I honestly think its a beautiful thing. Prejudice and discrimination is a war that will be fought through out ones life regardless, of their race, color, size, height or social status. As we flash back we see that discrimination has always been around in all different forms. We, as the human race need to focus on not judging people before we know them for who they are. Today, there are so many type of people in the world that stereotyping are always incorrect. If everyone in the world had respect for one another we would live in peace and be able to let others believe in what they wish and except everyones differences. If we teach our children and change our ways, sometime in our future we will be closer to accepting that a mans character is based upon content of his soul, not his color, ethnicity, or their religion.

Utopia Essay -- essays research papers fc

Thomas More’s, Utopia is one of the most politically and socially influential texts to date. His audience, which ranges from academic and social scholars to college students, all can gain a different understanding of the work and it’s meaning. In order to fully comprehend More’s message, one must have an appreciation for the time and culture in which he lived. After grasping historical concepts, one reads Utopia, not as just a volume recounting a fictitious island society, but rather as a critique on a time of corruption and reformation. Throughout the entire text, More’s personal views on the religion, politics, and economy of this turbulent time seep through the carefully plotted thread of this critical work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More is seen in history through many different lights. It is difficult to historically describe the sixteenth century without mentioning More’s individual involvement as a key religious and political figure of the time. In his early life, he focuses mainly on his desire for priesthood. More lived in a monastery for years and pursued the pious life of the Carthusians only to abandon it for a political career. Many speculate that More’s reasons for leaving had to do with the corruption he witnessed in his time there and desire to engage in matrimony. The corruption and greed forming among the clergy is what triggered the Protestant Reformation, led by Martin Luther. Next, More entered into the political spotlight through parliament and as a Speaker of the House of Commons, where he spent his energy encouraging the idea of freedom of speech. His next duty was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancester, followed by the Lord Chancellor. Both of these came towar ds the end of his political and judicial career when his views began to split from those of Henry VIII. More’s disagreement with the ideas of Henry VIII and the conversion to Lutheranism was eventually the end of him, when he was beheaded for refusing to swear to the Oath of Supremacy and Act of Succession. He believed in the way of the Catholic Church till the end and paid the ultimate sacrifice of his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evidence of More’s religious views is found throughout the text. He cleverly disguises his true opinions by inventing a fictitious traveler by the name of Raphael Hythloday, who the reader believes to be the originator of the radical ideas.... ... More spends a great deal of time in Book 1 on a conversation in which Raphael is expressing sympathy for the poor. More was rumored to also display this tendency in his life. In More’s time, the poor were at their poorest while the rich were getting richer. Food, clothing, etc, became a luxury to the homeless peasants, who often resorted to thievery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, More used an interesting characterization method to write a blatant critique of the societal constructs that he lived in. This was a dangerous task to undertake in a time when heresy and treason were punishable by death. More’s life achievements conflict with some of the views in his work, but that is why he calls it fiction. More lived a life of great determination and devotion. His strict lifestyle and critical analysis of the world that surrounded him served as the perfect exposition for a world that only existed in his mind. To close, a quote from Book I, Hythloday states, â€Å"You must strive to influence policy indirectly, handle the situation tactfully, and thus what you cannot turn to good, you may at least—to the extent of your powers—make less bad†(26). Works Cited

Crime Relate on Television

Crime relate On Television The crime rate in many cities is rising alarmingly. Some people have the idea that violent TV programs are the cause of real crime. However, many others disagree that TV violence can be blame are supported by good reasons. Violent TV programs cause crime give many reasons. First, many viewers are children who have not fromed a strong understanding what is right and wrong. The viewers imitate what they see. If a person on TV gets what he or she wants by stealing it, a child may copy this behavior.Thus the child has learned unacceptable values. Second, many heroes in today's programs achieve their goals by violent means. Unfortunately, viewers might use similar means to achieve their objective. Finally, people get ideas about how to commit crimes from watching TV. Violent programs have no relation to crime rates. First they claim that social factors, such as unemployment and homeless are to blame. Second some argue that watching violence on TV is an aceptable way to reduce aggressive feeling.In other words, people may become less aggressive through viewing criminal and violent scenes. Third even though children learn by imitation, their parents are the most influential models. Finally the villains are usually punished for their crimes. Whether or not violent programs are a factor in the rising crime rate. Some TV programs have to remove for the following reasons. First, some people enjoy them, and those who can change channels or turn their TV off.Second violent programs can be censored, perhaps other programs which may be important for our well being will also be censored. There are many things parents can do to help their children not get affect by television violence. One of the things parents can do is limit the number of hours their children watch television. Instead of letting them sit in front of the TV and wasting their time way, they can go out and be active. They can join a club or sport where they can interact with other chil dren and be social.By go out and getting involved, the children are using their time very wisely and their parents do not have to worry about their children being influenced negatively. One of the problems facing this solution is children are sometimes lazy. They are not willing to go out active but rather sit on the couch and do nothing but relax. Children also need to realize that their parents are not trying to stop them for watching TV and making their life miserable, but trying to help them get active and be a balanced person. Children need to know that here are other sources of fun then just sitting home and watching television all day. Parents should guide what their children watch on television and how much. This is an old recommendation  that can be given new teeth with the help of modern technology. It is now feasible to fit a television set with an electronic lock that permits parents to preset which programs, channels, and times they wish the set to be available for, i f a particular program or time of day is locked. the set won't turn on for that time or channel.Television violence is harmful to viewers. TV violence is a negative impact on children. TV violence corrupts the mind of children, causes them to behave in an aggressive manner, and puts unrealistic pictures of the world in their mind. TV violence is having a negative effective on the teenager of America. Parents cannot limit the influence of television violence on children, but with the combine effort of parents and children, television violence can have little or no influence on the young people of America.

Fast Food and Food Handler Wear Essay

1. Infrared thermometers are used to measures? Surface temperatures 2. Food cannot be refrozen once it is thawed because? Dangerous bacteria can grow on thawed food 3. What is the minimum temperature for transporting hot food and hot food holding items? 135 (F) degrees 4. The appropriate freezing method for destroying the anisakis parasite in fish is? -4 f degrees and held for 7days 5. What type of jewelry may a food handler wear while preparing food? Plain band 6. A women runs out of the bathroom in a fast food restaurant, and frantically tells the manager that the bathroom sink has backed up and is overflowing. What should the manager do? Close the restroom and call a plumber to unblock the drain 7. The concentration of a sanitizing solution is compromised when? The solution is to hot 8. All of these foods are potentially hazardous expect for? Raw asparagus 9. If the water supply to an establishment is shut off and there is no alternate portable water source? The establishment needs to close until the water supply is restored 10. The minimum internal temp of a pork roast or tuna casserole cooked in a microwave is? 165 (f) degrees for 15seconds 11. A food handler reports to the manager that he has been diagnosed with hemorrhagic colitis. The manager must? Ask the person to leave the establishment and report the incident to the health dept. 12. Clean plates are required for each trip to the buffet because? Contamination can be prevented 13. Frozen foods, other than ice cream, must not be stored at a temp. Over? 0 f degrees 14. Hand washing is not allowed in sinks that are? Used for food prep 15. Light bulb in food prep area must? Be covered to prevent physical contamination 16. The safe way to thaw large poultry or meat product is? In a frig at 41 f or lower 17. The minimum temp and time allowed for cooking a roast beef is? 130 f for 112 min 18. Hand antiseptics can be used? After proper hand washing 19. Which of the following is the best method for killing bacteria in ground beef? Cook to 155 f for 15 sec 20. Which of these disease- causing bacteria may be found in the shell eggs? Salmonella 21. Cooked food is a self serve establishment that has been in the danger zone of under 135 f to over 70 f internal temp of? 165 f – for 15 sec 22. When displaying live shellfish for consumption, the FDA food code requires that you? Have a HACCP plan and a variance 23. The chef prepared a large quantity of homemade beef stew and divided it up into two shallow pans for cooling. He placed the pans in the refrigerator and stirs them frequently. However, he was unsuccessful in cooling the stew from 135 f to 70 f within 2 hrs. What must the chef do to cool the stew? Reheat stew at 165 f for 15 sec and begin cooling process again 24. The entire hand washing process should take at least? 20 sec 25. Listeria bacteria is especially dangerous because? It can grow in dish water 26. Back siphoning occurs when the portable water pressure is lower than the waste water pressure and the waste water backs into the portable water-cross connection? Air gaps 27. Which of these foods in the most likely source of botulism? Vegetables in a swollen can 28. The internal receiving temp of fresh? 41 f 29. Which organism is most likely to multiply in vacuum or airless packaged foods? Clostridium botulinum 30. The minimum wash temp for chemical sanitizing in a ware washing machine should be? 120 f degrees 31. To manually hot water sanitize in a three sink process, the item must be in the water that is at minimum? 120 f – 30 sec 32. Which of the following is a safe food handling practice? Clean and sanitize food surfaces in constant use every 4 hrs 33. In a Hazards Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan, CCP’s are identified in? Flow chart 34. Measure a chicken noodle casserole where do you insert thermometer? Into the center or thickest part of the casserole 35. Grease traps must be cleaned on a regular basis because the can? Cause a backup 36. Product stuffed with either raw chicken or beef must be cooked to an internal temp of? 165 f for 15 sec 37. The first step in planning a food safety training program is? Identify the topics for the training 38. When cooking in a microwave, potentially hazardous foods should? Be rotated or mixed halfway through the cooking process. 39. To ensure that the items are sanitized, the temp of a ware washing machine’s final sanitizing rinse must be at least? 180 f degrees 40. What two factors are the most important for controlling food borne illness in the food preparation process? Time and temp 41. Reduced Oxygen Packaged food must be stored? In refrigeration 42. An outbreak of typhoid fever, caused by the Salmonella Typhi Bacterium, is most likely to occur after? Flooding 43. Which of the following fall into the â€Å"eight most common food allergens† category? Milk, Wheat, Soybeans 44. Enterohemorrahagic E. coli is a? Bacteria that produces shiga toxins. 45. Which of the following bacteria are found in soil? Bacillus cereus 46. The anisakis simplex worm is most likely to be found in? Under cooked fish 47. Which of the following illness DO NOT have to be reported to the local health dept? Giardiasis 48. Which type of temp probe would use to measure the temp of an oven or refrigerator? Air 49. Which of the following is NOT a method for removing oxygen from packed foods? HMR 50. For traditional steeped tea, the hot water should be a minimum of? 175 f and steeped for minimum of 5 min 51. The correct method for calibrating a stem type thermometer is? In water and ice, and calibrate 32 f 52. Shellfish dealer tags must be kept on file for how many days after the shellfish was harvested? 90 days 53. You have a food delivery arriving in an hour that will consist of milk cartons, fresh chicken breasts, and vacuum-packed bacon. What is the best thermometer to use to check product temperatures on all of these products? Bimetallic thermometer 54. Food borne intoxication is caused by eating food that contain? Poison producing microorganisms 55. To free up space in the kitchen, a busser is asked to manually clean some pot and pans in a three-compartment sink. First he scrapes and rinses the items. Then, he washes them in the first sink, rinses them in the second sink, sanitizes them in the third sink, and sets the items on the drain board to air dry. What did the busser do wrong? He forgot to clean and sanitize the sinks before using them 56. PCO stands for? Pest control operator 57. The best method of preventing an outbreak of Hepatitis A is? Proper hand washing procedures 58. On her morning shift, a food handler puts on clean disposable gloves, and begins to move defrosted hamburger patties form the refrigerator to the preparation area, as directed by the cook. Then, she is asked to slice tomatoes. When she’s done, she slices raw onions. In this sequence of task, when should the food handler change gloves? After moving the hamburger patties to the preparation area 59. The chef just finished preparing raw chicken breasts in a citrus marinade. She will store them in the refrigerator for the next shift to cook and serve for dinner. In order to prevent possible cross-contamination, where should the chef place the tray of chicken breast in the refrigerator? On the bottom self next to the ground turkey 60. A food handler comes to work with a bad cold, but insists that he is well enough to work. The employee is asked to take his temperature, and it turns out that he has a fever. What should the manager do? Send the employee home 61. Which of the following bacteria might be found in a food worker’s hand wound? Staphylococcus aureus 62. A father takes his four year old daughter and her friend to the local hamburger diner after swimming lessons. The friend wants a hot dog, and his daughter wants a hamburger. Because the father likes his hamburgers rare, he orders a rare hamburger for himself and his daughter. What should the server do? Explain that the restaurant cannot serve rare hamburgers to young children 63. Salmonella spp. Bacteria have recently been found in contaminated? Produce 64. A food worker used a Quats sanitizing solution in a three compartment sink as the final step in the cleaning and sanitizing process. She confirmed that the water temp was 75 f, she followed the manufacturer’s concentration instructions, and she completely immersed the cleaned metal cooking pots in the solution for 15 sec. last, she let the pot air dry before storing it. What did the food worker do wrong? She didn’t immerse the pot long enough 65. Which of the following foods are most easily contaminated with the Norovirus? Ready to eat foods 66. Shigella spp. Bacteria are most likely to be found in contaminated? Water 67. A catering company is preparing and transporting hot and cold foods to a customer site for a birthday party. The customer will then reheats and serve the food to guests at the appropriate time. Which of the following must the catering company provide to the customer? Reheating instructions for hot foods 68. A customer has just finished eating a seafood salad with a peanut dressing. As he is paying the bill, the customer starts to have trouble breathing. His face starts to swell, and he breaks out in hives. Most likely the customer is suffering from? An allergy attack 69. In the final hour of a local fund raising event, your food booth runs out of ice for cold beverages. What is the best course of action to follow? Send a volunteer to the nearest store for a bag of ice 70. A food handler in a small coffee shop has just finished deep frying a batch of chicken nuggets, when a customer order comes in for fried shrimp. What does the food handler need to do to avoid cross- contact? The food handler should use a different fryer and oil assigned to cook seafood 71. At an offsite catered event, the food service manager has been hot holding a beef stir fry at 145 f, when suddenly she loses her heat source. Guests are in line waiting to be served. What should the manager do? Begin to serve guests, because the stir fry can be out of temp control for up to 4 hrs 72. A server walks up to a newly seated party of two. The female customer announces that she has a wheat allergy. What should the server do? Wait till the customer orders, and then check with the manager to confirm if any of the ordered items contain wheat.

Tattoos, Red Ink, and Sensitivity Reactions

Tattoos, Red Ink, and Sensitivity Reactions If you have a red tattoo, youre more likely to experience a reaction than if you went with another color. Heres an e-mail I received about tattoo inks:Does all red ink have nickel in it? I was told by the tattoo artist that if I cant wear inexpensive jewelry I should not use red ink in a tattoo. I cannot. Whatever metal or whatever is in the ink would cause the same reaction I get to inexpensive jewelry. That would cause a problem. She will not use it on me. Would this be the same for pink or orange or any color with any amount of red in it? Someone else who has had numerous tattoos told me they never heard of that and she reacts to inexpensive jewelry.My response:Id trust the tattoo artist over someone who has numerous tattoos, since she is more likely to know the composition of the ink and whether or not her clients have had trouble with a particular color. Another artist might offer different advice and may use an ink with a different chemical composition. Key Takeaways: Reactions to Red Tattoo Ink Any tattoo ink has the potential to cause a reaction. The risk derives from any of a number of components in the ink, including the pigment, the carrier, and chemicals added to keep the suspension sterile.Red and black inks produce the highest reported number of reactions. The pigment in these inks may be linked to problems.The most toxic red pigment, cinnabar (HgS), is a mercury compound. Its use has largely been phased out.Organic pigments are less likely to cause reactions or interfere with medical diagnostic tests. However, they degrade over time. Some molecules produced from degradation include carcinogens. Why Red Tattoo Ink Causes Reactions The issue with the color red is the chemical composition of the ink. In particular, it has to do with the nature of the pigment used for the color. The carrier for the ink (the fluid part) may also play a part, but it is more likely to be common to other colors. Some reds contain iron. Iron oxide is a red pigment. Basically, its powdered rust. While it may not cause a reaction, its a rusty-red rather than a vivid red. Iron oxide inks (which also include some brown inks) may react to the magnets in an MRI scan. Small particles, particularly in red and black inks, have been known to migrate from the site of the tattoo to the lymph nodes. Not only can migrated pigment molecules cause health issues, but they may also appear abnormal on medical diagnostic tests. In one case, a woman with extensive tattoos had 40 lymph nodes removed because a PET-CT scan mistakenly identified the migrated tattoo pigment as malignant cells. Brighter red pigments include toxic metals, such as cadmium or mercury. Fortunately, the mercury sulfide red pigment, called cinnabar, has been largely phased out of ink formulations. Cadmium red (CdSe) remains in use and may cause redness, itching, flaking, and other problems. Organic pigments cause fewer reactions than the metal-based reds. These include the azo pigments, such as Solvent Red 1. Solvent Red 1 does not cause as many issues as iron, cadmium, or mercury reds, but it can degrade into o-anisidine, a potential carcinogen. Degradation occurs over time from ultraviolet light exposure (from sunlight, tanning beds, or other sources) or from bacterial action. Azo pigments like Red Solvent 1 also degrade when a tattoo is removed using a laser. While red ink is well-known for causing sensitivity reactions there are other colors made by mixing red. The more dilute the pigment (like in orange or pink) the lower the chance of a reaction from the red component, yet the risk is still present. Sources Engel, E.; Santarelli, F.; Vasold. R., et al. (2008). Modern tattoos cause high concentrations of hazardous pigments in skin. Contact Dermatitis. 58 (4): 228–33. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01301.xEverts, Sarah (2016). What chemicals are in your tattoo? CEN Volume 94, Issue 33, p. 24–26.MÃ ¶hrenschlager M, Worret WI, KÃ ¶hn FM (2006). Tattoos and permanent make-up: background and complications. (in German) MMW Fortschr Med. 148 (41): 34–6. doi:10.1007/bf03364782Thompson, Elizabeth Chabner (July 2015). Tattoo Ink or Cancer Cells?. Huffington Post.

Differences Between Parameters and Statistics

Differences Between Parameters and Statistics In several disciplines, the goal is to study a large group of individuals. These groups could be as varied as a species of bird, college freshmen in the U.S. or cars driven around the world. Statistics are used in all of these studies when it is infeasible or even impossible to study each and every member of the group of interest. Rather than measuring the wingspan of every bird of a species, asking survey questions to every college freshman, or measuring the fuel economy of every car in the world, we instead study and measure a subset of the group. The collection of everyone or everything that is to be analyzed in a study is called a population. As we have seen in the examples above, the population could be enormous in size. There could be millions or even billions of individuals in the population. But we must not think that the population has to be large. If our group being studied is fourth graders in a particular school, then the population consists only of these students. Depending on the school size, this could be less than a hundred students in our population. To make our study less expensive in terms of time and resources, we only study a subset of the population. This subset is called a sample. Samples can be quite large or quite small. In theory, one individual from a population constitutes a sample. Many applications of statistics require that a sample has at least 30 individuals. Parameters and Statistics What we are typically after in a study is the parameter. A parameter is a numerical value that states something about the entire population being studied. For example, we may want to know the mean wingspan of the American bald eagle. This is a parameter because it is describing all of the population. Parameters are difficult if not impossible to obtain exactly. On the other hand, each parameter has a corresponding statistic that can be measured exactly. A statistic is a numerical value that states something about a sample. To extend the example above, we could catch 100 bald eagles and then measure the wingspan of each of these. The mean wingspan of the 100 eagles that we caught is a statistic. The value of a parameter is a fixed number. In contrast to this, since a statistic depends upon a sample, the value of a statistic can vary from sample to sample. Suppose our population parameter has a value, unknown to us, of 10. One sample of size 50 has the corresponding statistic with value 9.5. Another sample of size 50 from the same population has the corresponding statistic with value 11.1. The ultimate goal of the field of statistics is to estimate a population parameter by use of sample statistics. Mnemonic Device There is a simple and straightforward way to remember what a parameter and statistic are measuring. All that we must do is look at the first letter of each word. A parameter measures something in a population, and a statistic measures something in a sample. Examples of Parameters and Statistics Below are some more example of parameters and statistics: Suppose we study the population of dogs in Kansas City. A parameter of this population would be the mean height of all dogs in the city. A statistic would be the mean height of 50 of these dogs.We will consider a study of high school seniors in the United States. A parameter of this population is the standard deviation of grade point averages of all high school seniors. A statistic is the standard deviation of the grade point averages of a sample of 1000 high school seniors.We consider all of the likely voters for an upcoming election. There will be a ballot initiative to change the state constitution.  We wish to determine the level of support for this ballot initiative.  A parameter, in this case, is the proportion of the population of likely voters that support the ballot initiative.  A related statistic is the corresponding proportion of a sample of likely voters.

Healing hospital paradigm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healing hospital paradigm - Essay Example Healing hospitals avail a healing culture that aids patients to feel safe and comfortable. For instance, Mercy Gilbert Medical Centre focuses on delivering a healing facility, reinforced by a healing environment and healing culture grounded in three essential elements, namely: a healing physical milieu, the incorporation of work plan and environment, and a tradition of radical loving care. A Healing Physical Environment This concept dwells on healthcare personnel care for patients, in addition to the manner, in which healthcare personnel connect with the patient’s families and other caregivers. This encompasses developing an empathetic, affectionate, and gratifying setting that is calm and stress free. As a result, the loving, calm, and satisfying environment enables the patients and their families to manage tension accompanying their infirmity (Chapman, 2003). Hospitals should promote a serene environment that is free from physical turbulence such as strange sound or dull arr angement of hospital settings. The Integration of Work Design and Technology This element details the combination of work design and technology allows the medical providers to carry out their tasks more proficiently, besides providing confidentiality and security to the patients. The implementation of sophisticated technology aids in facilitating and sustaining a healing environment (Hutchinson, 2011). A Culture of Radical Loving Care This philosophy facilitates and reinforces the healing of patients through an all encompassing orientation that satisfies the patient’s bodily, psychological, and spiritual needs. Healing Hospital Paradigm Relationship to Spirituality Spirituality  infers an individual’s experience of meaning and purpose in life, a sense of association with people and things in the world. Healing is mainly spiritual, intangible, and experiential, comprising of integration of body, mind, and spirit (Puchalski & McSkimming, 2006). The integration avails t he individual with a sense of peace. Spirituality encompasses a belief system centering on intangible elements that convey vitality and meaning to life’s events. Spirituality is one of the significant factors that positively influence a patient’s potential health since the body, mind, and spirit work as one. Individuals are cared for and afforded support for not only their medical well being, but also their emotional and spiritual health. Challenges of Creating a Healing Environment Healthcare personnel mainly  diagnose and treat diseases, and may possess few skills on how to respond to the spiritual side of the patients. Furthermore, ethical practice demands that the physicians refrain from impinging their beliefs on patients. Acting within the boundaries of medical ethics, while responding to the spirituality of patients, may be a significant challenge to healthcare personnel. Similarly, the American culture of religious pluralism provides a broad range of belief s ystems and the physicians may not be expected to comprehend all the beliefs systems and practices of the diverse faith communities. Other challenges reported involve developing strategies to aid healthcare providers to differentiate spiritual care from  excellent customer service. There is a thin line between customer service

Writing Today by Richard Johnson and Sheehan Charles Paine Essay - 9

Writing Today by Richard Johnson and Sheehan Charles Paine - Essay Example In this, it would be easy to note that the book strives to show that writing can be engaged within an entertaining manner; thus, making it be easy to read, comprehend and apply dynamically to various aspects of life. At this phase in the volume, it is interesting to note that the authors clearly follow the guideline they provide by making the text brief, quick to navigate and easy to scan. In part three of the book, the main concern for the authors is in relation to the process to follow in developing a piece of writing. As such, it would be obvious to yearn for knowing the precise course of action to pursue in achieving successful writing, but still, afford questions such as how can one invent ideas? How can writing be organized and a draft formulated out of the general ideas? And, what are the core reasons for revising and editing a piece of writing before publishing it? In seeking to answer these questions and similar ones in the two parts, the authors present readers with case scenarios that entail the understanding of the nature of writing and the requirements for the development of a literary writing, as presented by the frequent headings and numbered lists of items. This part is largely concerned with the determination of the various strategies that are used in the shaping of ideas when writing literary pieces. This segment is imperative in the logic that it provides the playwright with insights such as on how to develop paragraphs for the text being written, how to develop various sections for the paper, how to use rhetorical patterns in the development of a literary text, how to use argumentative strategies in the development of ideas in one’s writing and how to have the writing piece developed exposed to peer review and collaborated with different writers. Largely, this is one the most critical parts of the book, given the significance, it plays in the defining the various contexts that are to be drawn in the improvement of a literary text.  Ã‚  

Advantages and Disadvantages of the European Union Research Paper

Advantages and Disadvantages of the European Union - Research Paper Example The discussion will also briefly look at the criteria followed by the states in order to be part of the European Union. Before the World War II took place, the world did not experience common cases of International organizations (alliances) as there are seen today. However, the war served as an eye-opener in that a majority of the states became open for cooperation towards creating these unions. This has largely been attributed to the widespread crisis, both economic and political, that had hit the world following the harrowing war. This prompted the creation of most of the organizations seen today with the European Union being one of them. As a brief history of the European Union, the idea of the alliance was incepted in 1949 and implemented in 1951 when the first founders of the Union came together for the formation of an alliance. The six member nations, Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Italy, and Luxembourg created what was first referred to as the Council of Europe. Their main objective was to unify the region while also proclaiming peace which was a much-needed necessity following the WWII. Following this was an expansion of the body and consequently, a new name was adopted in 1957- The European Economic Community. As the name suggests, the body was determined to create and facilitate free trade between member states. In the next 50 years, various countries have joined the body and in 1993, the body adopted the name The European Union, which is what it is known today. Currently, the union comprises 27 member states in Europe with the latest members, Bulgaria and Romania having joined the body in 2007 (S ajdik & Schwarzinger, 2008). The European Union is governed by various policies and guidelines that have been formulated over the years in response to various emerging needs in the alliance. Today, the union allows citizens of the member states to move freely within the encompassed

Self-Driving Cars Are Smart Essay Example for Free

Self-Driving Cars Are Smart Essay The self-driving car is a car that allows a passenger to travel safely and quickly to their destination without human driving (Marsico, 8). These vehicles are also known as â€Å"autonomous cars†. If the self-driving cars are available, people are no longer had to worry about their own safety while driving on the road and also they don’t need a driver license. The drivers will have more freedom to do whatever they wish while inside the car including reading, texting, eating, and sleeping. The vehicle also can set up the speech limit that driver doesnt have to worry about when the police going to meet them. The self-driver cars are also can save our life because every year the new report accidents are caused on the road due to the human drive. â€Å"In 2009, the technology company Google began developing a fleet of a self-driving car. These vehicles are just stepping away from being totally autonomous. They already travel along U.S. roadways. Currently, people who ride in Google’s robotic cars are able to take control at any time† (Marsico, 29). Technology has changed the way we live in many ways, some including being able to communicate with people that we know around the world. It also made things a lot easier like homework and learning. As we can see today the car manufacturers continue to experiment with the new technology. The self-driving car is one of the cars that experiment with the car manufactures. The cars first may need a GPS system to get a rough idea of where they are and where they need to go (Marsico 18). They also have a bunch of sensors to constantly scan the area around them looking for any hazards- whether that another car or a bicycle, or even a rogue bird (Barone). For Google self-driving cars these sensors include a camera to see, and radar and lasers to map out the area (Barone). The self-driving car also monitoring 360 degrees around the car which much better than what a distracted driver could do (Stewart). Most important and challenging facet of self-driving cars is the software that makes them run (Barone). This has to take in all the data from the sensors and GPS and even things like traffic and weather conditions and make decisions based on that. It determines how to steer, stop, and go and everything else involved in getting you from point to point. According to the Katie Marsico said, â€Å"In fact, experts have suggested that self-driving automobiles might around 30,000 lives a year in the United State†. As we can see today some of the people are driving and always cause the accident. The car that we drive today is easy and many people can drive them. They become popular and help people to travel place to place, save time and energy. Workers are able to transfer some important things with the help of the car. Using a car is comfortable and easier than using public transportation. Driving a car has also some disadvantages, such as buying and running a car need a lot of money, even more for a good quality one that is not too old. There are a lot of things to pay for insurance to cover the cost of crashes or theft, maintenance, parking charges, license fees charged by the government, and repair. When too many cars try to go the same way, the traffic will go slow them all and may cause the accident. According to Watson said, â€Å"More than thirty –four thousand America lost their lives to automobile accidents each year†. The car accident is caused by human-made by a driver who is drunk, sleeps and distracted (Watson 46). If the self-driving becomes popular we may not see the accident because the car will do everything for us. The computer in the self-driving cars are don’t drink, send texts message or fall asleep. We don’t have to worry about keeping our eye on the road and in addition people can be more productive while traveling (Marsico 10). The car also can use the less gasoline because â€Å"fuel contributes to pollution this would benefit the environment too† (Marsico 38). The self-driving cars have also some disadvantages because when they are testing the self-driving car had run the red lights or been in a minor collision (Davies Para 1). I worry about a self-driving car made of the computer. If computer software got virus how can we do? For those who do not know how to use the computer how will they fix their car? It will cost a lot of money to let the shop fix. The amount of software and technology that’s required to build self-driving cars is likely to be quite expensive. Consumers may not want to pay such high costs for self-driving cars. According to Katie Marsico said, â€Å"The technology that makes the self-driving cars works will probably add between $3ooo and $10,000 to car prices† (Page 42). The car also can run on the computer if the hacker can decide that they like your car and can hack the system to unlock the doors to get inside or start the car and drive it away. They can also shut down your vehicle while it is driving you at high speeds and you end up in a fatal crash (Alex Hern Para 3). If the car can drive by them self we may not need the parking lots. Many people might get around with shared vehicles that never have to park (Barone). As we can see today millions of Americans make a living by driving trucks, delivery vans, and taxis. When the technology of self-driving cars takes their job, what will happen to their livelihoods? They depend on their paycheck and if the paycheck is no longer work, the person and his family often cannot afford to pay their living. The families will end up with losing a home and they cannot afford to move into another residence and will end up their life with homeless.

Case #1- Toyota :: essays research papers

Toyota Revs up U.S. Sales Threats: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Japanese market is getting more competitive and Toyota is loosing sales to Nissan and Honda. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chevrolet and Ford are selling better in the U.S. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The â€Å"Toyota takeover† is not assured. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Japanese manufactures gaining a foothold in the US market. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  American companies are working to update the styling of their cars. Opportunities: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Exploiting the U.S. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Attaining more local managers in order to Americanize. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Import taxes and current risk are reduced by manufacturing 2/3 of the cars U.S. and keeping revenues and expenses in U.S. dollars. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Spending salaries on 123,000 American employees at their facilities. Strengths: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Understanding the US consumer needs and wants. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Toyota will likely pass Ford’s sales in the near future. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Known for their effectiveness in long-term planning. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not as dependant on Japan anymore. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Utilizing American designers to compete effectively in the U.S. market. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The American competitors have been slow to respond to Toyota’s threat. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The development of a car powered by a hydrogen fuel cell. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a company, Toyota is beginning to set better long-term goals. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Getting accepted as an â€Å"American Brand† Weaknesses: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the beginning, Toyota had a very conservative approach to goals. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Failure to recognize a market opportunity to introduce a full-size truck. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Slowing economies in Southeastern Asian countries. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Loosing money in Japanese market. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Traditionalists inside Toyota do not like where the company is headed and want to stick to old ways. Ford 2 Toyota uses a multi-domestic strategy in their U.S. auto division. The company is international and caters to each country’s needs in which they do business. For example, in the U.S., Toyota has hired designers and managers in order to gain a better understanding of what Americans want. The cars Americans are buying today were manufactured here in the U.S. Thus, Toyota has kept their headquarters in Japan but is catering to consumers using different products and marketing strategies throughout the world while not treating the globe as a whole. This decision was based on information from the book as well as class lectures on chapter 8. According to the textbook, it seems quite possible for Toyota to achieve their corporate goals.

Public Education Essay

A free public education is one of the many aspects of American culture that makes it one of the most desirable countries in which to live.   In fact, education in America has been a standard duty of the government, particularly the states, since public schools were begun in the days of the pilgrims and pioneers.   Unfortunately, as the years progressed, education became more complex and more rigidly structured. Conversely, achievement seemed to lag behind the acceptable level.   Therefore, learning for learning’s sake was replaced by the trend towards higher and higher standardized test scores.   Bush’s No Child Left Behind (NCLB) mandate pushed schools and teachers into greater accountability processes.   Schools created scripted curriculum guides that left little room for creativity.   The competitive march towards the highest scale score was on!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unfortunately, to the school systems, its employees and its students, failure to march properly carried stiff penalties.   Schools faced a variety of sanctions if scores did not rise to the appropriate level or at the appropriate rate.   First, schools faced state or even federal intervention. Evaluative and prescriptive teams would enter the schools to mandate changes in policy, curriculum and even staffing.   Another obstacle was parental choice.   For the wealthier, private schools have been an alternative to lagging public schools for years, but in the early 1990s, the school voucher plan made this option viable to a wider spectrum of families.   Ultimately, the voucher propositions never passed the state legislatures (Pipho, 1994). A few years later, charter schools developed outside the sphere of both public and private schools.   These charter schools developed as a way to reform schools and received funds from private organizations and business.   The idea took off even though researchers are quick to note that charter schools have done little to raise test scores (Vine, 1997)   Lastly, the idea of merit pay directly appealed to the pocketbooks of teachers and administrators by offering monetary reward for good scores.   While observers feel it is wrong to base a teacher’s pay just on his test scores, researchers feel that â€Å"because the amounts involved are relatively small, it’s worth experimenting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Keller, 2006).   Each of these new options moved American education closer and closer to the idea of privatizing schools.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The privatization of schools has now expanded to include the realm of educational consulting.   These high-paid individuals are hired by the school systems to aid individual schools in planning strategies for curriculum, classroom management, discipline, finance, and teacher recruiting, to name a few (Sheffer, 2002).   In 1994, the Minneapolis school system became the first to hire a consulting firm to run their district.   In California, the state superintendent of public instruction was a man who had a background in business as a consultant who helps financially ailing corporations (Pipho, 1994). In 1997, Phyllis Vine reported that twenty-eight states had passed legislation to provide for the hiring of management companies.   In the last nine years that number has grown, with both positive and negative reactions from the customers.   Teachers complained that the new curriculum was too restrictive and gave them no freedom to teach what they wanted.   The consultant responded by asserting that restrictiveness was needed to get the teachers, kids and schools back on track (Hayden, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The decision to link private business to school systems does make sense for some.   Sheffer notes that â€Å"the obvious similarities between academic work and consulting are the emphasis on analytic thinking, writing and the focus on research† (2002) Thus, more and more states are turning to educational consulting firms to help them refocus on their educational goals.   On such state is Mississippi.   Mississippi, as a state, has typically been at the bottom of lists comparing states’ educational achievements.   In the 2005 Smartest State rankings published by Morgan Quitno Press, Mississippi fell two spots from the previous year to 49th   (â€Å"Vermont,2005†). Spencer, (2004), attempts to explain the state’s low achievement and scores by pointing to the socioeconomic and achievement gaps between white students and minority students.   Even in younger grades, the black and Hispanic subgroups lagged behind the white students in language and reading.   In middle school, the gap widened alarmingly.   Ninety-six of white students scored at proficiency or better in language, and 94% scored at this same level in reading. But Hispanic students’ numbers were 9 percentage points lower in both areas than whites, while black students were 8 points lower in language and 19 points lower in reading.   He goes on to note that the problem got progressively worse in the 1990s.   Overall, by high school, â€Å"only one in 50 Hispanic and black 17-year-olds can read and gain information from specialized text-such as the science section of a newspaper – compared to about one in 12 white students† (Spencer, 2004). Yet, when education officials like Randy McCoy, who is the Tupelo Superintendent, are confronted with these figures, they are quick to point out that students of all races do well and students of all races do not do well.   The fear seems to be that teachers will be accused of teaching students of different races differently.   Yet, Mike Walters, who is a former Tupelo Superintendent, agrees that the achievement gap is due to a difference in expectations. He points to the strongest teachers and notes that their students, regardless of race and socioeconomic status, achieve.   Walters offers, â€Å"We are not expecting students to achieve, and expectations are everything† ( Spencer, 2004).  Ã‚   The Tupelo district is about 65 % white with most students from lower income homes.   Its scores have held steady in the low 80% passing range with an odd surge into the mid 90s in 2003 (â€Å"Mississippi DOE Test Data†).   JBHM has recently started working with the Tupelo Municipal schools. (â€Å"Experience,† n.d.). One way Mississippi is trying to combat their ailing system is by restructuring its testing program.   In September of 2000, the Mississippi Board of Education (MBOE) approved State Board Policy IHF-1.   IHF-1 changed the graduation requirements beginning with the freshman class entering in 2000.   Among the requirements was to pass the subject area test English II, generally administered in the 10th grade.   Thus, the first available scores for the class entering in 2000 were recorded in 2001 (â€Å"MBOE,† 2000).   This group was expected to graduate in 2004. Another way is by hiring a local educational consulting group to help them work with curriculum.   Former Tupelo Superintendent, Mike Walters is now a consultant with the JBHM Education Group in Jackson.   JBHM is a general consulting agency that also operates the JBHM Education Group, LLC.    This group was opened in 2000 as â€Å"an educational management services company with a mission of assisting school communities in their efforts to better organize themselves, and, in turn give the families the support needed to ensure the success of their children† (â€Å"Services,† n.d.).   According to the group, the consults go into the schools and analyze the areas of need as specified by the hiring body.   They then, if directed, design a curriculum fashioned after Robert Marzano’s â€Å"viable curriculum,† one of his eleven factors of student achievement (Marzano, 2003) JBHM’s mission was developed by Mike Walters and cofounder Gary Bailey.   It is simply â€Å"to enhance a school’s ability to prepare children for success† (Vickers, 2005. p. 3).   JBHM has focused recently on developing curriculums for algebra, biology, English, United Sates history and middle school math.   Walters says, â€Å"These are highly-structured, full-blown plans that start with day one and go through the end of the school year† (Vickers, 2005, p. 3) JBHM, as of their most recent website posting, serves 34 school districts in Mississippi.   The do work in other states, including their contract deal of March 2006 totaling 1.6 million dollars to work with the Caddo School District in Louisiana (Brumble, 2006).   They achieved this contract by boasting statistics that ninety percent of the schools they assisted showed a rise in test scores (Brumble, 2006).   Undoubtedly numerous Mississippi schools are on this list. According to the Mississippi Board of Education Agenda from September 10, 2004, a contract was approved with the JBHM Education Group to â€Å"assist in providing technical assistance to implement the school improvement process in Priority Schools (â€Å"MBOE,† 2004).   As explained in a news release dated December of 2004, â€Å"Schools that do not meet achievement goals or show expected academic improvement receive a ranking of Level I (Low Performing) with the lowest of these deemed ‘Priority Schools’ †Ã‚   (â€Å"Town Meetings†¦, 2004). Part of the new Board Policy IHF-1 makes passing the English II test required for graduation for the graduating class of 2004, who were first tested in 2000/2001 school year. These first scores were used for developing scale scores, according to the Mississippi Statewide Testing Program website. The English II test, which replaces the previous language and reading tests mentioned in earlier, has been consistently difficult for low achieving schools in Mississippi.   Betty Rose Breazeeale, the Lamar County testing coordinator, agreed by saying that she recognized the need to work on the English II, adding that â€Å"It is our lowest score, and I think that’s a statewide problem† (Mees, 2005).   According to the Mississippi Department of Education Subject Area Content Test website, the English II test   measures knowledge of language conventions, reading comprehension and effective writing skills†¦The test consists of two separate administration:   English II Multiple Choice and English II Writing†¦The 85 multiple-choice, passage-based items are divided into two sections:   Language Conventions and Reading Comprehension.   The writing test includes four writing prompts – two narrative mode prompts and two informative mode prompts.   Students will select and respond to one of the narrative prompts and one of the informative prompts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even though the MBOE approved the contract for JBHM to consult in Priority Schools statewide in 2004, some districts had already contracted its services well before then.   These districts paid for the services themselves through grants or other local funding mechanisms.   The Tunica school board hired JBHM Education Group for the 2000/2001 school year (Hayden 2002).   The Hinds district is actually featured on the JBHM Education Group website, boasting its rise in scores from 2001 to 2003.   Others, like the North Bolivar and Neshoba joined the club as a result of the Priority School initiative administered by the MBOE.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All scores on the English II tests may be compared to the figures reported on the Mississippi Statewide Testing Program website administered by the MDOE.   They report figures for 2002 as 70% passing the multiple choice reading and 84% passing the narrative/informative writing test.   In 2003 these percentages rose to 78 and 94 respectively, and settled into 85% and 84% narrative/89% informative for 2004.   It should be noted that in 2004, the state began reporting the writing portion of the test as two separate scores, listing the narrative first, then the informative.   Analysis seems to indicate that scores dropped slightly when this shift took place with the greater drop being in the narrative score (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†). One of the first schools to take advantage of the JBHM consultants, the Hinds AHS school is worthy of its spot on the JBHM website.   Hinds County School District is a fairly large district.   Hinds AHS is described as a rural, integrated school with an average to below-average socio-economic base (â€Å"Hinds AHS,†Ã‚   2006). Beginning with passing rates at only 18% on the English II multiple choice test and 40% on the writing portion when JBHM came aboard, they jumped to 22%   and 55% respectively in one year and, from there, to 77% and 92% respectively in the second year ( â€Å"MDOE Test Data†) . For the county itself, which contains seventeen high schools in the area of Clinton,   Mississippi, the scores went from passing rates of 72% (reading) and 75% (writing) in 2001 to an 81% in reading and a an 83% in writing (â€Å"Mississippi Test Data†).   In the JBHM-operated school (Hinds AHS), more remarkable gains were noted, while other high schools showed less of an improvement.   It is hard to deny Hind AHS’s phenomenal rises in English II scores.   They started out well below the rest of the county and ended up with a passing rate higher than the district average. The Tunica district, an even more rural, plantation area of Mississippi has a past that is â€Å"rooted in Tunica’s plantation lifestyle and its racial separatism. Tunica is a tiny white island in a majority black county† (Parker, 2002).   Ã‚  Rose Fort High school, associated with JBHM since the onset of the new testing requirements, is comprised of extremely poor black students with only 1 % white and 1% other racial students (â€Å"Rose Fort High,† 2006).   JBHM director Mike Walters recognizes how Tunica’s social issues are reflected in its education when he says, â€Å"Tunica is in a community-building stage right now.   They are divided racially still.   You can’t just dump money in a community like that and expect things to happen.   It’s going to take a long, long time. (Hayden 2002).   Despite its circumstances, however, this single Tunica high school has also made some significant gains in English II scores.   The data was not recorded for 2001, but the 2002 scores of 33% passing on the multiple choice portion and the 57% passing on the writing portion jumped to 54% and 83% respectively in only one year (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†).   Again, the advances are astounding. Lamar school district also serves a rural county.   It, like Tunica, far exceeds the state average of students on free and reduced lunch, which is generally the yardstick for measuring the socioeconomic population of a school.  Ã‚   The only difference is that students in Lamar are predominantly white.     Only one high school of the four reflects a more integrated population (â€Å"Lamar High Schools, † 2006).   Their English II scores have shown growth as well.   The reading and writing scores have risen from the 87 and 89 percent passing to highs of 92 and 95 percent passing in two years with an odd dip in the reading multiply choice scores in 2004. (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†).   Even though Lamar began in a less desperate situation, its gains with the help of consultants are also significant.   Though the percentage gain seems less impressive, most educators realize that gains like this are harder to achieve as students scores improve and that each subsequent gain is definitely cause for celebration. Neshoba school district located in Philadelphia, Mississippi, is a more integrated district that has shown gains through the use of consulting.   Classified as a small town district, the students in Neshoba’s four high schools are more integrated than those in Lamar or Tunica . While more students than the state average qualify for free or reduced lunch, they are socioeconomically better off than Lamar or Tunica students (â€Å"Neshoba County,† 2006). Paid for by a NCLB grant, JBHM began consulting in Neshoba County for the current, 2005/2006, school year to aid primarily with English II and Algebra I in its high schools (Edwards, 2006). The county’s English II scores in 2002 were 67% passing in reading and 76 % passing in writing.   The scores rose in 2003 to 85% and 89% respectively, but then in 2004 rose to an 89% in reading but fell to 86 % in writing (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†).   Some schools fared worse than others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The system hopes to post scores in the 90s with the consulting firm if the teacher can get on board.   Joey Blount, principal of Neshoba Central High School, admits to Edwards that the presence of the consultants and the frequent observations make his teachers nervous.   â€Å"Anytime you’ve got people coming to observe your work, it’s going to be an uncomfortable situation† (Edwards, 2006).   Superintendent for curriculum and instruction Beth Jackson concurs.   â€Å"Change can be very difficult for a lot of people, but in some areas we needed change.   We weren’t happy with our test scores.   I think they (the teachers) realize we needed to change, but some are better at it than others (Edwards, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Likewise, the administrators in Moss Point and Meridian Schools are also impressed.   Tressie Harper, Moss Point Superintendent, is proud of the gains made in her students’ English II scores.   Moss Point has been working with JBHM since 2003 and in that time has noticed a steady increase in reading scores from 55% in 2002 to 60% in 2003 to 63% in 2004 (Vickers, 2005 and â€Å"MDOE Test Data†) to 75% in 2005 (â€Å"Moss Point High School,† 2005). As in Neshoba and Lamar, the writing scores seemed the most erratic rising from 74% to 91% to 71% to 75% in the same four years (â€Å"MDOE Test Data† and â€Å"Moss Point High School,† 2005).   Perhaps this could be explained by the aforementioned change in the reporting of writing test scores in 2004.   It is possible that the focus of the test shifted slightly at that point as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Likewise, the single Meridian high school shows similar improvement in English II with a three year rise in percentage passing scores from 2002 to 2004 from 57 to 74 to 77.  Ã‚   The writing scores showed a similar rise (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†).   Sylvia Autry, Meridian Public School Superintendent claims that she has worked with several educational consultants and that JBHM has been the â€Å"most focused† (Vickers, 2005, p. 3).   Both Moss Point and Meridian are characterized by a slightly higher black than white student body with the majority on free and reduced lunch (â€Å"Moss Point High School, † 2006)   and â€Å"Meridian High School†).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   North Bolivar is another recent addition to JBHM’s client list.   A year ago, the MBOE asked the Governor to deem the North Bolivar School District a state of emergency.   This designation is reserved for school districts that have over half of the schools meeting Priority School status.   State Superintendent Hand Bounds issued to investigations and concluded that the students’ needs were not being met (â€Å"Mississippi Board†¦,† 2005). North Bolivar is an exceptionally poor small town district which is 97% black.  Ã‚   Its reading scores have barely reached 80% (â€Å"MDOE Test Data†).   Score released in 2006 will tell whether or not JBHM will be successful there.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Clearly JBHM consulting or any consulting agency is not necessary for all school districts.   Wealthier more urban areas such as Jackson and Laurel counties consistently post English II scores in the high 80s high 90s.   However, when one compares the multiple choice   scores of Hinds AHS (77% reading), whose population is significantly more challenging based on socioeconomic factors, to Jackson’s (85% reading) , the aforementioned achievement gap appears to be closing. The exact role that JBHM plays in this factor is undetermined since all factors cannot be factored in statistically.   For example, the threats of school closings and consolidations due to a lack of funds plague systems across the country as will as in Mississippi.   One mother in Lamar district commented about the dip in Lamar’s 2004 reading scores; â€Å"They [the students and teachers)] went through so much with the school closings†¦Everybody here was upset. The teachers were upset. If it weren’t for that fear, the scores probably would have been just as good as last year [2003]† (Mees, 2005). In addition, the 2005 hurricane season devastate education in many parts of Mississippi. About 160,000 students in 271 public schools in 44 school districts in the path of the hurricane have been impacted, said Steve Williams, special assistant to the state superintendents. State Superintendent Bounds said that some schools were unable to have classes for 2-3 months.   Some schools were completely destroyed (Hayden, 2005).   Clearly this crisis would impact test scores at all levels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One thing is clear.   Schools are in need of support services from somewhere.   Initial data seems to indicate that consulting firms, while not the perfect answer, do provide the structured support that some schools need.   Their exorbitant costs will be prohibitive for some school districts, but perhaps with grant programs, they may still benefit from their services.   As the first decade in 2000 pulls to a close, school reform will be steadily underway.   The extent of the change and the consultant’s role in it remain uncertain, but hopeful. References Brumble, Melody. (2006).   â€Å"Caddo School Board Debates Merits of Consulting Proposal.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Shreveport Times.   Retrieved March 29, 2006 from www.shreveporttimes.com/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apps/pbcs.dll/article?Date=20060321&Category=NEWS†¦. Edwards, Jeff.   (2006).   â€Å"Neshoba Schools Employ Consultant to Improve Scores.†Ã‚   The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Neshoba Democrat.   Retrieved March 28, 2006 from www.neshobademocrat.com/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   print.asp? ArticleID=12190&SectionID=2&Subsectional. â€Å"Experience.†Ã‚   JBHM Education Group, LLC.   Retrieved on March 26, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.jbhm-edgroup.com/experience Hayden, Cathy. (2002). â€Å"Schools and More Money:   Plenty of lessons learned.†Ã‚   The Clarion- Ledger. Retrieved on March 29, 2006, from http://orig.clarionledger.com/news/0210/14/m01.html. Hayden, Cathy.   (2005).   â€Å"Angry Parents Want Shelby Schools Chief Fired.† The Clarion-Ledger.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http://www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article? AID=/20051113/NEWS/511130388/1†¦. â€Å"Hinds AHS.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html Keller, Bess. (2006).   â€Å"Florida Ready to Demand Bonuses Based on Test Scores.†Ã‚   Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Week.   Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http://www.edweek.org/agentk-12articles2006/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   02/22/24fla.h25.html?print=1. â€Å"Lamar High Schools.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html Marzano, Robert J.   (2003). â€Å"11 Factors.†Ã‚   What Works in Schools.   Retrieved March 30, 2006   from   http://www.whatworksinschools.org/factors.cfm. Mees, Reuben. (2005).   â€Å"Area Schools Show Mixed Results on Tests.† Hattiesburg American. Retrieved March 29, 2006, from http://www.hattiesburgamerican.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050818/NEWS01/50 8180301/1002&template=printart. â€Å"Meridian High School.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html â€Å"Mississippi Assessment and Accountability Reporting System.† (2006)   Mississippi Department of Education.   Retrieved March 30, 2006,   from http://orsap.mde.k12.ms.us:8080/MAARS/indexProcessor.jsp. Mississippi Board of Education.   (2000).   Graduation Requirements. (State Board Policy IHF-1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Graduation Requirements).   Retrieved March 29, 2006, from http:///www.mde.k12. Ms.us/ACAD/ID/newgrad.html. Mississippi Board of Education. (2004).   Agenda. Jackson, MS:   4th Floor Boardroom Central High. â€Å"Mississippi Board of Education Approves Asking Governor to Declare State of Emergency in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   North Bolivar School District.† News Release. (2005). Mississippi State Board of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Education.   Jackson, MS:   Communications Dept. MBOE. â€Å"Mississippi Department of Education Test Data Retrieval System.†Ã‚   (2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mississippi Department of Education.   Retrieved March 29, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.mde.k12.ms.us/ACAD/TD04/S9D3LST.HTM. â€Å"Moss Point High School.† (2005).   Great Schools.Net Retrieved March 28, 2006 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.greatschools.net/modperl/achievement/ms/649 â€Å"Moss Point High School.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html â€Å"Neshoba County.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html Parker, Laura.   (2002). â€Å"Abandoned Education:   Tunica’s schools struggle with leftovers and neglect.†Ã‚   APF Reporter 18 (2).   Retrieved March 30, 2006 from www.aliciapatterson.org/APF1802.html Pipho, Chris. (1994). â€Å"Taxes, School Boards, and Higher Education.†Ã‚   Phi Delta Kappan 75 (5),   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   358-359. â€Å"Rose Fort High.† (2006).   SchoolTree.Org.     Retrieved March 30, 2006, from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.html Sheffer, Hadass.   (2002).   Careers in Educational Counseling.†Ã‚   The Chronicle of Higher   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Education.   Retrieved March 28, 2006, from http://chronicle.com/jobs/news/2002/06/   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2002062801c/printable.html. â€Å"Services.†Ã‚   JBHM Education Group, LLC.   Retrieved on March 26, 2006, from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.jbhm-edgroup.com/services Spencer, Mack.   (2004).   â€Å"Achievement Gap.†Ã‚   Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http://www.djournal.com/pages/story.asp?ID   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   =59381&pub=1. â€Å"Town Meetings Scheduled for Priority Schools† News Release. (2004). Mississippi State Board   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Education.   Jackson, MS:   Communications Dept. MBOE. â€Å"Vermont Named Smartest State.† (2005).   Results of the 2005 Smartest State Awards.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved March 30, 2006, from http://www.morganquitno.com/edpress.htm Vickers, Harriet S. (2005) â€Å"Educational Consultant Business Sees Fast-Paced Growth:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ‘Employees have bought into our mission,’ says JBHM Education Group president.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mississippi Business Journal 27 (19), 3. Vine, Phyllis.   (1997).   â€Å"To Market, To Market†¦The School Business Sells Kids Short.† The Nation 265 (7), 11-16.